AFRICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN AND PEOPLES' RIGHTS ADOPTS SIPHIWE BALEKA'S RECOMMENDATIONS IN RESOLUTION ON AFRICAN UNION THEME OF THE YEAR - REPARATIONS

December 18, African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights -

On Thursday, The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) published its RESOLUTION ON THE AFRICAN COMMISSION’S CONTRIBUTION TO IMPLEMENTING THE AFRICAN UNION THEME OF THE YEAR 2025: “JUSTICE FOR AFRICANS AND PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT THROUGH REPARATIONS” - ACHPR/Res 653.(EXT.OS/XXXIX) 2025 that

“4. Calls upon Member States to facilitate voluntary heritage and ancestry tracing for people of African descent with appropriate safeguards for privacy and data protection, and to consider pathways for residency, citizenship, and mobility in accordance with national laws.”

This resolution follows the recmmendations made by Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert Siphiwe Baleka, who made the following recommendations at the ACHPR 85th Ordinary Session:

My first recommendation was that the Commission and the AU, following the model in the state of Illinois (which I helped develop with State Representative Carol Ammons), convene discussions with the Vatican along with the holders of the Catholic Church's Asiento monopoly war contracts about their obligation to provide a remedy for the war damage of ethnocide through African Ancestry dna testing which a study showed that 75% of the respondents would take if provided free of charge as a form of reparations. . . .

My second recommendation at the 83rd session of the ACHPR was that the Commission pass a resolution on the Afro Descendants Right to Return and the African Union develop a comprehensive Afrodescendant citizenship policy that would recognize their status as a unique class of immigrants never before contemplated in law.”

“I am overjoyed, “ said Siphiwe Baleka.

“Finally I feel like someone is listening and all my work is not in vain. At the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo, I propose that all African governments should follow the example of Benin and pass a cityizenship law during 2026 to start the 2026-2036 Decade of Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations. Alternatively, the African Union could issue a ‘6th Region’ passport, using the Benin model, that would function as a visa-free pass and permanent residence card in all of the continental five regions of the African Union. In one fell swoop, the African Union would have its holy grail: a Diaspora Database and the basis for Diaspora financial instruments!”

RESOLUTION ON THE AFRICAN COMMISSION’S CONTRIBUTION TO IMPLEMENTING THE AFRICAN UNION THEME OF THE YEAR 2025: “JUSTICE FOR AFRICANS AND PEOPLE OF AFRICAN DESCENT THROUGH REPARATIONS” - ACHPR/Res 653.(EXT.OS/XXXIX) 2025

The African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the Commission), meeting at its 39th Extra-Ordinary Session, held virtually  from 8th to 13th December 2025;

Recalling its mandate under Article 45 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the African Charter) to promote and protect human and peoples’ rights;

Further Recalling Decision Assembly/AU/Dec.884(XXXVII) of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union (AU), held on 17–18 February 2024 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, adopting the Theme of the Year 2025: “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent through Reparations”;

Welcoming Executive Council Decision EX.CL/Dec. 1622 (XLVII) of the African Union declaring an AU Decade on Reparations spanning from 2026-2036, to run side by side with the UN Second International Decade for People of African Descent, to ensure synergy/complementarity and progress in pursuing the reparations agenda;

Noting that the AU Theme of the Year 2025 is complemented by the Second International Decade for People of African Descent, as proclaimed by the United Nations (UN), spanning from January 2025 to December 2034, aiming to address the ongoing challenges faced by people of African descent, particularly the legacies of slavery and colonialism;

Recalling, in particular, its Resolution on Africa’s Reparations Agenda and the Human Rights of Africans in the Diaspora and People of African Descent Worldwide – ACHPR/Res.543 (LXXIII) 2022; its Resolution on Reparations and the African Union’s Sixth Region – ACHPR/Res.616 (LXXXI) 2024; 

Further Recalling its Resolution on Transitional Justice in Africa – ACHPR/Res.235 (LIII) 2013 and the African Commission’s Study on Transitional Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights adopted in 2018 as well as the African Union’s Transitional Justice Policy adopted by the AU Assembly in February 2019;

Mindful of continental and international efforts, including the Abuja Proclamation on Reparations for African Enslavement, Colonization and Neo-Colonization, and the Accra Declaration on Reparations and Racial Healing.

Recognizing the lasting adverse impact of enslavement, deportation, colonialism, and related systems of oppression, whose legacies, including racial discrimination, continue to affect Africans and people of African descent;

Acknowledging the complexity of reparatory justice and the need for coherent standards, institutional architecture, policy guidance, and sustained implementation and follow-up; 

The Commission:
1.    Reaffirms its commitment to promote and protect human and peoples’ rights in Africa and to contribute to the implementation of the African Union Theme of the Year 2025, “Justice for Africans and People of African Descent through Reparations,” in accordance with its mandate under the African Charter;

2.    Welcomes and reaffirms the decision of the AU Assembly Decision Assembly/AU/Dec.934(XXXVIII) on the classification of slavery, colonialism, and deportation as crimes against humanity and genocide against the peoples of Africa as part of the AU theme of the year;

3.    Further encourages the adoption of relevant policy measures for advancing reparations for these historical injustices in their international engagements both individually and collectively as part of the effort to realise the objectives of regional and international human rights standards; and

4.    Calls upon Member States to facilitate voluntary heritage and ancestry tracing for people of African descent with appropriate safeguards for privacy and data protection, and to consider pathways for residency, citizenship, and mobility in accordance with national laws.

Done during the 39th Extra-Ordinary Session, held from 8th to 13th December 2025, virtually.

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The State Capture Of Pan Africanism Is A Fait Accompli: Shenanigans At The 9th PAC of Lomé - The Manner In Which It Was Organized Is Its Fundamental Flaw

December 13, Lomé - The African Union took control of the people’s Reparation Movement at the Accra Reparations Conference, November 14-17, 2023. Now, the people’s Pan African Movement has been seized. The state capture of Pan Africanism was accomplished at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo from December 8th to the 12th.

I have written extensively on the manner in which the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé was organized.

See: 

  1. THE FUNCTIONAL ESTABLISHMENT OF THE  AU 6TH REGION:  HARMONIZING THE AU-AFRICAN DIASPORA SIXTH REGION (AU-ADS) HIGH COUNCIL,  THE AFRICAN DIASPORA DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE (ADDI) ADPAC AGENDA, AND THE  "DECADE OF AFRICAN ROOTS AND DIASPORAS" PROPOSED BY THE REPUBLIC OF TOGO AND ADOPTED BY THE AU GENERAL ASSEMBLY  EX.CL/1420(XLII). This is the last document embedded in the article WILL 2024 BE THE YEAR OF PAN AFRICAN ORGANIZATIONAL UNITY?: THE UNFINISHED BUSINESS OF THE PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS

  2. THE TRUE STORY OF THE 9TH PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS - ALL THE BACKGROUND 

  3. Commentary – The Unfinished Business of the Pan African Congress

I now make the following report from the 9th Pan African Congress.

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There is a problem.

The Final Resolutions of the Commissions (there were eight) and the 9th PAC Final Declaration were prepared beforehand by the Togo Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This means that resolutions of the 9th PAC, at least many of them if not the majority of them, are not the work of the 33 Commissioners or the delegates, but the agenda of the Togolese government, which may or may not be in alignment with the wisdom and will of the delegates. This is consistent with the manner in which the “itinerant” 9th PAC was organized - the outward appearance of “inclusion” provided by the preparatory conferences notwithstanding.

RESIGNATION OF GNAKA LAGOKE

The explosive surprise resignation of the brain behind the 9th Pan African Congress speaks volumes. Sambou Sissoko writes, 

“CRISIS AT THE 9TH PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS: WHEN STATE POLITICS UNVEILS THE LIMITS OF OFFICIAL PAN AFRICANISM

As Africa seeks to rebuild a collective voice in the face of contemporary geopolitical challenges, the issue that shakes the 9th Pan-African Congress in Lomé exposes a profound discomfort: the abyssal gap between states’ pan-African discourse and their real practices.

The resignation of my dear elder Dr. Gnaka Lagoké, President of the Scientific Committee of the Congress, is not just an organizational episode. This is a strong political act, which exposes the drifts of a system where the personalization of power takes advantage of collective construction. His letter, precise, argued, documented, reveals a mechanism of methodical marginalization, carried out for two and a half years, in the silence of procedures and discretion of ministerial offices.

How can a state that claims to organize one of the greatest intellectual meetings of pan-Africanism, in the same movement, exclude the one with the scientific framework? How can a project supposed to embody unity and ethics UBUNTU tolerate jealousy, opacity and suspicion? Through this episode, all the ambivalence of African states in the face of authentic pan-Africanism is coming to light.

Dr. Lagoké recalls, evidence to support, that several major innovations of the Congress (thematic commissions, anchoring of the UBUNTU philosophy, integration of the issue of reparations, doctrinal orientations) come from his scientific work. He also recalls that he worked without budget, without salary, out of pure commitment to Africa. This contrast between intellectual investment and political exclusion needs to be questioned.

Because beyond a personal conflict, it is the credibility of institutional pan-Africanism that is at stake.

A Congress that wants itself to be the engine of the African revival cannot become an instrument of prestigious diplomacy. It has to be a space of intellectual sovereignty, where political truth is not suffocated by governmental communication.

The question posed by this resignation is beyond Lomé: are African states ready to allow pan-Africanism to become an emancipating project again, or do they want to make it a decorative role, useful only for the exterior image? The African people, them, are not mistaken. They demand actions, not shows. They demand consistency between proclaimed values and daily governance.

Dr. Lagoké concludes his resignation letter calling for the release of prisoners of opinion and a radical reform of African education. This final reminder brings the debate back to the core: Pan-Africanism is not a conference slogan. This is a transformational agenda that requires African leaders to assume historical responsibility.

So this crisis is an opportunity. She forces the continent to wonder if Pan-Africanism can be built on practices that betray its mind. She forces the elites to give intellectual debate its rightful place. It mainly forces Africans to demand that their leaders live up to the ambitions they display.

Pan-Africanism cannot be satisfied with symbols. It takes guts.”

READ DR. GNAKA LAGOKE’S RESIGNATION LETTER

Behind the resignation of Gnaka Lagoke was the issue raised by Togolese opposition who called attention to the contradiction of a Pan African Congress being convened by a state that is brutally oppressive to its own citizens! According to the communique issued by PYRAMID – Pan-African Citizens' Movement, 

“The history of Togo is marked by a foundational crime: the assassination of the first Pan-African president, Sylvanus Olympio, whose body still rests in Benin today. In his place, a vassal regime of terror was installed, dehumanizing the Togolese people and perpetuating injustice, repression, and fear. . . . The Congress is being organized behind the backs of the Togolese people, both those inside the country and those in the diaspora. The Togolese people, deprived of the freedom, democracy, economic prosperity, well-being and dignity, are not consulted. This excursion constitutes a blatant betrayal of Pan-African principles.[In the past sixty years, there are] more than 20,000 deaths, 4 million Togolese forced into exile, hundreds of political prisoners tortured and subjected to cruel treatment, inhumane and degrading conditions, forcing thirty-five people currently on hunger strike while ten prisoners were murdered [for which] the ECOWAS Court of Justice has repeatedly condemned Togo for allegations of torture and ordered investigations and the release of prisoners. Faure Gnassingbe’s . . . . regime royally ignored the decisions of the regional court.”

When I called attention to this in my speach on the 2nd day of the 9th Pan African Congress, it changed the tone of the event.

Journal du Togo ran the following story:

“Pan-African Congress: Siphiwe Ka Baleka demands release of political prisoners

Lomé, December 10, 2025 — The 9th Pan-African Congress, supposed to embody the unity and rebirth of the continent, overturned on Tuesday...

The 9th Pan-African Congress, supposed to embody the unity and rebirth of the continent, flipped on Tuesday in an atmosphere of political tension rarely seen in this type of diplomatic mass. In Lomé, the voice of Guinean-Bissau activist Siphiwe Ka Baleka Bel El, a figure known in radical pan-African environments, has broken the consensual varnish, reminding that behind official speeches about Africa’s future lie painful political realities.

Under the jelly eyes of the audience, Siphiwe Ka Baleka, a well-known figure in radical Pan-African communities, took the microphone to launch a direct charge:

"How can we talk about African rebirth when our host country still holds dozens of political prisoners in its jails?" »

Without hesitation, he continued:

"This congress is organized on the backs of the Togolese people. Many of his sons and daughters are in exile, others are dying in prison for simply expressing a different opinion, and some are still suffering inhumane treatment. »

While denouncing the situation of political prisoners in Togo, the speaker has highlighted a fundamental contradiction. His charge was not only directed against Lomé, but also against a broader tendency: that of institutional pan-Africanism that is hard to confront persistent authoritarian practices on the continent.

Reminder of the "Original Crime": the shadow of Sylvanus Olympio

Siphiwe Ka Baleka put his speech in a historical perspective, recalling the assassination of the first Togolese president, Sylvanus Olympio, on January 13, 1963. Presented as one of the founding fathers of modern Pan-Africanism alongside Kwame Nkrumah and Patrice Lumumba, Olympio, according to him, embodies the "original crime" that would have diverted Togo from the path of dignity and justice.

By summoning this memory, he intended to write the current criticism in a historical continuity, that of a country that, in his opinion, has never found the path to dignity. Thus, the whole question of the legitimacy of the post-independence African states was questioned in watermark.

Siphiwe Ka Baleka interrogates Minister Dussey directly

Focusing on the Togolese Minister of Foreign Affairs, Robert Dussey, who presided over the session, the activist made a solemn request:

"I humbly ask, here, before all of you, that Togo take the initiative, during this very congress, of a strong resolution for a general and immediate amnesty for all political prisoners. That would be the greatest gift Lomé could offer to Africa and its own people. »

In an already electric climate, Siphiwe Ka Baleka added, not without worry:

"Honestly, I wonder if I'm going to be targeted after saying this." Is this the African renaissance we celebrate? Pan-Africanism where we still have to talk about fear in the stomach? »

The direct interpellation to the minister, with the request for a general amnesty, has indeed given a strong symbolic scope at that moment.

Uncomfortable and applause

The room reacted in dispersed order: applause nourished on one side, icy silence on the other. In an event usually locked by strict protocol, this speech broke the consensus.

Expanding his speech, Siphiwe Ka Baleka quoted Cameroon and its own Guinea-Bissau, where "dozens of opponents are being hunted, imprisoned or forced into exile." And to conclude :

"True pan-Africanism cannot be just a diplomatic showcase. It must begin with the liberation of all those who fight for the dignity of their people. »

In doing so, the episode turned into an act of global protest against African authoritarian regimes. Besides, the mixed reaction of the room reveals discomfort: the Pan-African Congress, often perceived as a diplomatic showcase, is confronted with its own fragility. Can it be a genuine debate space or does it remain an instrument of legitimacy for the powers in place? The activist's intervention exposed this tension.

Congress is already under tension

It is important to remember that Togo is going through a period of political crunch: constitutional reform contested in 2024 arrests of militants, exile of opposition figures. In this context, the organization of the Congress appears to many as an international communication operation. So the activist touched a sensitive nerve: the dissonance between the image that the regime wants to project on the outside and the reality experienced inside.

Exiting the room, some delegates of West African civil society cheered: "Finally, someone has dared to say out loud what many were thinking down low. "Others, more cautious, feared that this exit would serve as a pretext for toughening the regime.

An interpellation that will remain in the annals

At the moment, neither Minister Robert Dussey nor the Togolese presidency have reacted. A senior official of the organizing committee went down to recall that "all voices are welcome in the spirit of pan-Africanism," while emphasizing that "domestic policy matters are part of national sovereignty."

Whether Togo responds to this amnesty request or not, the episode will remain as a hinge moment of congress. He recalled that Pan-Africanism cannot be reduced to slogans or protocol ceremonies. On the contrary, he has to face political realities, prisons, exiles, imposed silences. In this sense, Siphiwe Ka Baleka has managed to transform an official tribune into a space of truth, at the risk of his own safety.

The work of the 9th Pan-African Congress continues until Friday, December 12. It remains to be known whether the call for general amnesty will echo in the final resolutions. One certainty remains: Siphiwe Ka Baleka Bey El has already made his mark on this continental mass.”

MANIPULATION AND OBSTRUCTION OF COMMISSION RESOLUTIONS

On June 16, 2025 Professor Robert Dussey, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Togo invited me to “take part as a keynote speaker in the 9th Pan African Congress.” On November 16, I was notified that I would be participating in Commission 4: Mind decolonization and self-reinvention.  So between that time, 153 days, no Congress Commission work was done! 

On November 18, I made an attempt to give the Pan African World an opportunity to give their input into the eight Commissions by creating on online input form, something that I believe should have been done months before the start of the Congress.

On November 23, I was switched to be one of the four expert speakers for Commission 6: The struggle of African and Afro-descendant peoples against racism in the light of the  Durban Declaration of 2001 and Programme of action. On Friday, December 5, I was informed that I was now to serve as rapporteur for Commission 6 to “take note of all contributions, draft a complete report and the related recommendations, work with commission members to validate the final version, and assist the Chair in preparing the final presentation.” On Sunday, December 7, Ms. Leontine Atayi of the 9th PAC organizers informed our Commission 6 WhatsApp group that, “A member of the organizing committee will serve as rapporteur.”  This created some confusion, then, on December 9th, day 2 of the 9th PAC, when Commission 6 met.

Commission 6: The struggle of African and Afro-descendant peoples against racism in the light of the  Durban Declaration of 2001 and Programme of action. Commissioners from left to right: Mrs. Catherine S. Namakula, Dr. Barryl Biekman, M. Doudou Diene, Dr. Naledi Pandor, Siphiwe Baleka, and Jan Lonn

At the start of the session I asked the Chair to clarify who was to serve as rapporteur. No one was identified and so it was decided that members of the organizing committee would take notes and I would also take notes and serve as the rapporteur. This was reaffirmed after the Commission 6 session by Ms. Atayi, he said “Good morning. During our meeting, it was agreed that you would be in charge of preparing the report. Could you please let me know whether this document has been sent to the team of the Ministry?”

Towards the end of the morning session, a single copy of the French and English draft resolution for Commission 6 was given to the Commission Chair, Dr. Naledi Pandor, Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Republic of South Africa. It was only towards the end ofthe afternoon session that copies were made available to the Commissioners. It was the first time any of us had seen it. The Chairwoman informed me that it had been prepared by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

After lunch the Commission re-convened for the “restitution of the work”, but there was no time to discuss the contents of the resolution which needed to be completed for the plenary session scheduled at 4:15 pm. The Commissioners all felt that the draft resolutions did not reflect OUR work and we agreed that the Chair would request 48 hours so that we could review and edit the draft resolution. This is what our Chair reported in the plenary session to the Congress.

We agreed that we would send our edits to Ms. Ketlareng Sybil Mathako, Director African Union  CISCO and the South African Department of International Relations and Cooperation, and member of the South African delegation to the 9th PAC with Dr. Pandor.

Much later that evening an electronic version of the draft resolution was circulated to us to edit and at 8:07 am I submitted the following edits to the draft resolution:

“Further, and more specifically, We

Emphasize that the Pan-Africanist Law of Return: Quintessential Reparations as stated by A. Bernard in Pan-Africanism and Nationality Rights For the Diaspora: A Contemporary  Perspective,  in Pan-Africanism, African Nationalism: Strengthening the Unity of Africa and its Diaspora  clarifies that “At a very basic level, if reparation is to repair the wrongs committed against African peoples through slavery and its apprentices, colonization and imperialism, the first wrong committed was taking millions of peoples from their homeland. Those taken from Africa lost, among other things, their citizenship and this is the first thing that needs to be given back. It is morally and philosophically the first step in the journey of a thousand miles that needs to be undertaken if Africa and African peoples are to move forward in a forceful, positive and determined manner in the 21st Century. Concomitant with this position therefore is that the law of return can only be made possible by African governments/states, not the West. It is to be stated clearly nonetheless, that this is a right, not a concession or special privilege. Diasporan repatriates should not have to prove which part of Africa they are from. The loss of this specific identity is a part of the harm done by slavery, and cannot be used by African governments to reject Diasporans. Any African government which challenges the right to return to Africa for proof of specific identity is in breach of their own claim for compensation for slavery;” and 

Recall that the working paper on desirable results of the 6th Pan African Congress held in 1974 encourages “African and Caribbean states to recognize the principle of dual citizenship for Africans from the west . . . and that special effort be made to facilitate their acquiring of African citizenship”; and

Recall the 1993 Abuja Proclamation that, “Exhorts all African states to grant entrance as of right to all persons of African descent and right to obtain residence in those African states, if there is no disqualifying element on the African claiming the "right to return" to his ancestral home, Africa;” and

Recall that the World Conference Against Racism held in 2001, in its Durban Declaration and Program of Action point 158, called for “facilitation of welcomed return and resettlement of the descendants of enslaved Africans” and point 168 “Urges States . . . to enact, with the highest priority, appropriate legislation, taking the measures required to give full effect to their obligations under international humanitarian law”; and

Recall, the African Union Agenda 2063: Aspiration #5: An Africa with a strong cultural identity, common heritage, values and ethics states, “Pan Africanism By 2063, the fruits of the values and ideals of Pan Africanism will be manifest everywhere on the continent and beyond. The goal of the unity of the African peoples and peoples of African descent will be attained (2025). An Agency for Diaspora Affairs will be established in all member states by 2020 with the Diaspora integrated into the democratic processes by 2030. Dual citizenship for the Diaspora will be the standard by 2025;” and

Further recall the decision of the Assembly adopted in July 2016 in Kigali, Rwanda (Assembly AU/Dec.607(XXVII) welcoming the launch of the African Passport and urging Member States to adopt the African Passport and to work closely with the African Union Commission to facilitate the processes towards its issuance at the citizen level based on international , continental and citizen policy provisions; and 

Further recall the Resolution on Africa’s Reparations Agenda and The Human Rights of Africans In the Diaspora and People of African Descent Worldwide - ACHPR/Res.543 (LXXIII) 2022 that calls upon member states to “take measures to eliminate barriers to acquisition of citizenship and identity documentation by Africans in the diaspora” and 

Highlight the Law 2024-31 on the recognition of Benin Nationality for people of African descent states that “any person aged eighteen (18) or over who, according to their genealogy, has a sub-Saharan African ancestor who was deported from the African continent as part of the slave trade and the triangular trade” is eligible. The cost is $100 and citizenship is granted after just three months from the date of notification of receipt of a completed file.

And Therefore We resolve:

  1. All African governments should follow the example of Benin and pass such a law during 2026 to start the 2026-2036 Decade of Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations. Alternatively, the African Union could issue a “6th Region” passport, using the Benin model, that would function as a visa-free pass and permanent residence card in all of the continental five regions of the African Union.”

I was expecting that Ms. Mathako would forward the updated draft of the Commission 6 Resolutions with all of the submitted inputs and edits late that night. But I received no such document.

At 9:15 am the next morning I returned to the  Palais Des Congrès De Lomè and met with Chairwoman Pandor who informed me that at 11:00 am there was to be a meeting with all the Commissions to draft a consolidated 9th PAC Resolution but that meeting was canceled. I was then informed that an attempt was made to organize a similar meeting at 3:00 pm, but that didn’t happen either. 

The next morning at 6:51 am I sent the following message to all concerned:

“Greetings everyone. I would like to express my concern over our Commission 6 report. According to the instructions we were given, the rapporteur is to ‘take note of all contributions, draft a complete report and the related recommendations, work with commission members to validate the final version, and assist the Chair in preparing the final presentation.’ This did not happen. What then is the status and legitimacy of our report if none of the Commissioners have validated it and it is essentially written by the Togo Ministry of Foreign Affairs and lacks essential recommendations - i.e. specific provision for Afrodescendant citizenship?"

Shortly thereafter at breakfast, I had a brief meeting with Luvuyo Ndimeni, Advisor to the Deputy Chairperson of the African Union. At lunch, I discussed the situation with Ms. Mathako who promised that Mr. Ndimeni would send the updated draft very shortly. Again, I did not receive the updated draft. At 5:25 pm, I messaged Ms. Mathako - “I have not received the documents we discussed,” to which she responded, “Mr Luvuyo will send it shortly.” 

Finally, the following morning (Friday, December 12) I messaged Ms. Mathako, “Yes. I received the email at 10:30 pm and it did not include the annotated edits from each Commissioner as we agreed. I’m quite disappointed at how this was handled and will be submitting a detailed report nonetheless…..”

All of this is to make clear how the Commission 6 Report was . . . . obstructed.

Many of the other Commissioners told me that they had similar experience and were not pleased with the perceived manipulation of the resolutions that did not reflect the spirit of Ubuntu Pan Africanism and the ideal expected at a 9th Pan African Congress. Noël M. NDOBA, Chairman of Commission 3 sent this message:

To the esteemed organizers,

Ladies and gentlemen,

The meeting scheduled for Wednesday was cancelled, even though it was meant to bring together the Chairs of the 8 Commissions to draft the final report.

How was the final report ultimately drafted?

Assuming that a draft was prepared by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,

it would be advisable for the Chairs or rapporteurs of the commissions to review it, make any necessary observations, and "approve" it before its presentation in plenary session.

Submitting a draft report directly to the plenary session carries certain risks.

The least of these foreseeable risks is undoubtedly the loss of time if several people wish to speak freely (which is their right).

The greatest risk concerns the legitimacy of the conclusions should a majority of participants express their disapproval, either on-site or in the coming days or months, elsewhere.

A more damaging consequence could be that some participants, dissatisfied with not having discussed a draft final report, might further tarnish the image of a Congress whose work was otherwise a success.

Sincerely,

Noël M. NDOBA, Chair of Commission 3

There was little to no space for specific resolutions such as that Afrodescendant citizenship or amnesty for political prisoners to be deliberated and incorporated. This was a major shortcoming of the 9th Pan African Congress in Lome.

Below is the Final Declaration of the 9th Pan African Congress and various submissions I received that were either not deliberated or included in any Resolutions…

FREEDOM RESOLUTION ON POLITICAL PRISONERS

As part of the 25th anniversary of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and the 20th anniversary of the Durban Declaration, in memory of the centenaries of:

- Frantz Fanon, worthy son of global Africa, who highlighted the destructive consequences on the minds of Africans and their institutions of centuries of enslavement and colonisation,

- the immortal martyrs Patrice Emery Lumumba and Malcolm X, we solemnly call on all African States concerned to grant a general amnesty to political prisoners detained arbitrarily, in violation of African international law and the ancestral values of Maat and Ubuntu. The return of political exiles is also a prerequisite for lasting peace in Africa. We commit ourselves to pursuing this resolution with the African Union and its specialised bodies, as well as with the States and actors concerned throughout Africa. A pan-African ad hoc commission is being set up on the basis of Articles 5 to 9 of the Resolution against Colonialism and Imperialism adopted at the Pan-African People's Conference held in Accra in December 1958, as well as the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance.

- Within one month, an INDEPENDENT group of experts  reflecting the geographical and political diversity of  global Africa will collaborate with the ACHPR in Banjul to present a follow-up note.

NB: first names, Halidou Ouédraogo (Burkina Faso), Professor Jean-François Akandji-Gombe (Centrafrique), CARICOM

HOW TO PROPERLY ORGANIZE A PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS IN THE 21st CENTURY

Here’s how the 9th PAN AFRICAN CONGRESS and any future Congress should be organized.

  1. A Pan Africanist broadly respected should be named Chief Coordinator.

  2. A dedicated, African owned platform like Abibitumi, should be used for broad discussion.

  3. Themes and Draft Resolutions are to be published six months before the Congress

  4. Online input forms for each draft resolution will be published and all inputs collected. Specific resolution language will be solicited and collected. (Use the following 9th PAC input forms as an example)

  5. A Pre-Congress Report with all the draft resolutions and key inputs is published to all registered delegates two months before the congress (using the 7th PAC Resolutions as a template - see below). Discussion and debate of the draft resolutions will take place on the dedicated platform for two months prior to the Congress. The point is that we come to the Congress having already had as broad a discussion as possible on each resolution and we convene the Congress only to finalized the document.

  6. After the opening of the Congress, the Congress Chief Coordinator will lead the entire Congress through each resolution. There will be 30 minutes of discussion with each person given a strict 3 minutes to speak directly to the resolution language. At the end of 30 minutes, a vote of the entire Congregation will be taken on the final resolution. A two-thirds acceptance will make the resolution final. In this manner we proceed until all draft resolutions have been approved or rejected.

    7. Anyone can submit input, but only accredited delegates (selected by the Chief Coordinator or anyone who presents a petition to particpate as a delegate signed by at least 200 people) can vote. The latter requirment is to facilitate the development of networks, constitutencies and broad awarness of the Congress.

In this way, the Congress Final Resolution will be produced by the collected decision of the Congress Delegates and will thus carry the sufficient authority to serve as the Pan African Plan of Action for the next decade. This is the people-driven process that must govern the Congress. 

Siphiwe Baleka Presents African Unity Equation in Commission 6 of the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo

“Absolutely brilliant!”

- Dr. Naledi Pandor, Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Republic of South Africa and Chair of Commission 6, 9th Pan African Congrss.

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If numbers were strength, unity would be the multiplier:

  • Potential (P) = Resources (R) × People (N)

  • Actual Power (AP) = Potential (P) × Unity (U) 

Without Unity (U) [which Nkrumah based on “defence, foreign affairs and diplomacy,  a common citizenship, an African currency, an African monetary zone, and an African central bank”], the formula collapses, because anything multiplied by zero results in zero.

Africa's resources and people are vast—our Potential (P) is unmatched. But Actual Power (AP) remains weak, because disunity reduces our potential to fragments.

Until U ≠ 0, Africa cannot solve for its future. Unity is not just a factor; it is the key that transforms Potential into Actual Power.

The Formula for Africa’s Strength:

  • Unite our vision: Align behind shared goals.

  • Multiply our efforts: Combine strengths across borders.

Divide no more: Eliminate the divisions that weaken us.

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ADDING THE AFRODESCENDANTS INTO THE ALGORITHMIC AFRICAN UNITY EQUATION

  • Potential (P) = Resources (R+ƒ250 million) × People (N+250 million)

  • Actual Power (AP) = Potential (P) × Unity (U = vision, defence, foreign affairs and diplomacy,  a common citizenship, an African currency, an African monetary zone, and an African central bank)

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ADDING THE LINEAGE RESTORATION INTO THE ALGORITHMIC AFRICAN UNITY EQUATION

  • Potential (P) = Resources (R+ƒ250 million) × People (N+250 million)

  • Actual Power (AP) = Potential (P) × Unity (U = vision, defence, foreign affairs and diplomacy,  a common citizenship, an African currency, an African monetary zone, and an African central bank + lineage restoration connections + broad based development)

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ADDING REPARATIONS FOR WAR DAMAGE INTO THE ALGORITHMIC AFRICAN UNITY EQUATION

  • Potential (P) = Resources (R+ƒ250 million + $177T Reparations) × People (N+250 million)

  • Actual Power (AP) = Potential (P) × Unity (U = vision, defence, foreign affairs and diplomacy,  a common citizenship, an African currency, an African monetary zone, and an African central bank + lineage restoration connections + broad based development)

RECOMMENDATION 1: All African governments should follow the example of Benin and pass such a law during 2026 to start the 2026-2036 Decade of Justice for Africans and People of African Descent Through Reparations. Alternatively, the African Union could issue a “6th Region” passport, using the Benin model, that would function as a visa-free pass and permanent residence card in all of the continental five regions of the African Union. In one fell swoop, the African Union would have its holy grail: a Diaspora Database and the basis for Diaspora financial instruments!

RECOMMENDATION 2: Funding and support be provided to the Balanta B’urassa History and Genealogy Society to complete its Decade of Return Lineage Restoration Project to systematically test male and female heads of Balanta families in the thirty-nine sectors in the nine regions of Guinea Bissau to provide proof of concept for the remedy for Ethnocide.

RECOMMENDATION 3: We need consensus on this from the AU Legal Reference Group, the African Committee of Experts on Reparations, CARICOM Reparations Commission, and all major stakeholders like NCOBRA, Reparations United, First Repair, and its counterparts in North, South and Central America. Then we request an Advisory Opinion from the International Court of Justice on the following questions:

(a) Is the Dum Diversas apostolic decree issued by Pope Nicholas V on June 18, 1452 a declaration of “total war” - warfare that includes any and all civilian-associated resources and infrastructure as legitimate military targets, mobilizes all of the resources of society to fight the war, and gives priority to warfare over non-combatant needs - and therefore a war crime and a crime against humanity? Is there a statute of limitation regarding reparations for this war crime and crime against humanity?

(b) Were the people captured as a result of the Dum Diversas apostolic decree “prisoners of war” and do their descendants retain that status until their final “release and repatriation” under the Geneva Convention? (18)

(c) Have the Afro Descendants - black folks - now within the United States ever been converted, in accordance with settled principles of universally established law, into United States citizens, and divested altogether of their original foreign African nationality? (19)

(d) What rights do the Afro Descendants throughout the Americas and Caribbean have to exercise self-determination and conduct plebiscites to discern who wants to repatriate to their ancestral homeland, who wants to establish independent nation states of their own, and who wants to integrate into the states they currently reside? (20)

(e) What are the legal consequences that arise for all States and the United Nations from the above?


Give Your Opinion on Each Question Here

Siphiwe Baleka at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo: Calls for Amnesty for Political Prisoners and Prioritizing the Political Unification of African and Afrodescendant People

"There are certain states who participate as supporters in conferences held for African unity and are at the same time engaged in acts that would divide Africa. Can we then accept this as in support to Our cause?"

- HIM Haile Selassie I Visit to Eritrea, June 27, 1962

URGENT ACTION – Imminent Military Trial & Arbitrary Detention of Mr. Djeukam TCHAMENI (Cameroon)

PLEASE SIGN YOUR NAME BELOW AND/OR SEND A LETTER TO GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS

Subject: URGENT – Imminent Military Trial: Risk of 20 Years in Prison for Mr. Djeukam TCHAMENI, Arbitrarily Detained in Cameroon

Dear Sir/Madam,

We are writing to you with the utmost urgency to draw your attention to the situation of Mr. Djeukam TCHAMENI Dominique, a prominent civic leader and defender of democracy in Cameroon, who is currently arbitrarily detained and faces an imminent trial before a military court, where he risks 15 to 20 years in prison on entirely unfounded charges.

1. A major civic leader kidnapped in the context of a post-election crisis

Mr. TCHAMENI is:

  • President of the MDI (Movement for Democracy and Interdependence),

  • President of the ROC (Network of Civil Society Organizations of Cameroon),

  • Co-founder and Coordinator of the Union for Change.

He was kidnapped from his home on 24 October 2025, amid a post-electoral crisis marked by:

  • more than 2,000 arrests,

  • enforced disappearances,

  • many injured,

  • dozens of deaths.

His lifelong commitment has been strictly peaceful, focused on civic education, non-violence, and democratic participation.

2. A political trial before an incompetent military court

Mr. TCHAMENI is currently being charged with:

  • “hostility toward the homeland,”

  • “insurrection,”

  • “incitement to insurrection,”

  • and reportedly, “apology for acts of terrorism.”

The Cameroonian Military Justice Code grants no competence to military courts to try civilians for political expression or peaceful mobilization.

Under Articles 60–62 of this Code, he faces:
15 to 20 years in prison,
and potentially more if charges are politically reinterpreted.

His trial is said to be imminent, with authorities accelerating hearings despite the total absence of material evidence.

3. Documented serious violations

a. Illegal detention

The legal maximum for custody (8 days) under the Military Justice Code has long been exceeded.
He has been detained for several weeks in violation of Cameroonian law.

b. Absence of procedural guarantees

  • No access to his legal file

  • Near-daily forced court appearances

  • Psychological pressure

c. Unfounded charges

Every public declaration he made emphasized:

  • non-violence,

  • respect for public order,

  • peaceful civic mobilization.

d. Arbitrary detention (UN WGAD Categories II & III)

He is jailed solely for exercising:

  • freedom of expression,

  • freedom of association,

  • political participation.

4. What we urgently ask your organization to do

We respectfully request immediate action, including:

1. Issue an Urgent Action or Public Alert

Condemn the arbitrary detention and the imminent unfair military trial.

2. Demand:

  • The immediate release of Mr. Djeukam TCHAMENI;

  • The end of military proceedings against him;

  • Immediate access to his lawyer, family, and an independent physician.

3. Deploy an international trial observation mission

If authorities maintain the military jurisdiction.

4. Urge the Cameroonian government and its diplomatic partners

to address grave violations of the ICCPR, the African Charter, and the Military Justice Code itself.

5. Why international intervention is decisive

Rapid international mobilization has led to the release of political prisoners in Cameroon in the past.

Your action could help:

  • prevent an arbitrary sentence of up to 20 years,

  • protect a peaceful civic leader,

  • reduce violence linked to the post-electoral crisis.

Contacts – International Committee (CIL-DT)

Email: cil.djeukam@gmail.com
Family Representative: mtchameni@yahoo.com
WhatsApp: +226 60 01 26 69 / +226 78 46 18 52

Conclusion

The arrest and imminent trial of Mr. Djeukam TCHAMENI represent one of the most serious cases of political repression in recent Cameroonian history.

We respectfully urge you to act immediately. Every hour counts.

Sincerely,
International Committee for the Liberation of Djeukam TCHAMENI (CIL-DT)

NEW! Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo December 8-12: Make Your Recommendations for the Working Commissions

I, Siphiwe Baleka, have been invited as a keynote speaker at the 9th Pan African Congress of Lomé, Togo December 8-12.

Below is the 9th PAC Agenda, Orientation Note for the Inaugural Conference, AND CONCEPT NOTE FOR THE 9TH PAC whose theme is

“Renewal of Pan-Africanism and Africa’s role in the reform of multilateral institutions: mobilizing resources and reinventing itself to act”.

You can use the link buttons below to give your input and recommendations for the eight working commissions.

“The rationale behind the commission work is to get participants more involved and ensure inclusive participation in the 9th Pan-African Congress. Congress participants, estimated at around a thousand, will have the opportunity to take part in the commission work of their choice, which will run simultaneously. Participants will have the opportunity to ask questions to the speakers and other commission members. They will also be able to make contributions during the debate.”

- 9th Pan African Congress of Lomé, WORK IN COMMISSION Guidance Note

give your input and recommendations for the eight working commissions

Input form for 9th PAC Commission 1: "AFRICA IN THE 21ST CENTURY AND A NEW VISION OF PAN-AFRICANISM"
INPUT FORM FOR 9TH PAC COMMISSION 2: "REFORM OF MULTILATERAL INSTITUTIONS: THE ROLE AND PLACE OF AFRICA"
INPUT FORM FOR 9TH PAC COMMISSION 3: "RESOURCES MOBILIZATION AND SELF-CENTERED DEVELOPMENT"
INPUT FORM FOR 9TH PAC COMMISSION 4: "DECOLONIZATION OF THE MIND AND SELF REINVENTION"
INPUT FORM FOR 9TH PAC COMMISSION 5: "REPARATIONS AND RESTITUTION OF AFRICAN CULTURAL PROPERTY"
INPUT FORM FOR 9TH PAC COMMISSION 7: “ROLE AND PLACE OF WOMEN IN THE PAN-AFRICAN MOVEMENT”

9th Pan African Congress of Lomé - Input for Commission 8: “AFRICAN AND PAN-AFRICAN STUDIES, DECOLONIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE, AND PROMOTION OF PAN-AFRICANISM”

As an invited keynote speaker at the 9th Pan African Congress of Lomé, serving as the Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert, I have prepared this form to collect inputs and recommendations from the Pan African and especially Afrodescendant community. The collected inputs and recommendations will be submitted to the Congress Organizing Committee. The deadline for submitting your input to is December, 5th at 11:59 PM GMT. See NEW! Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo December 8-12: Make Your Recommendations for the Working Commissions for more information.

9th Pan African Congress of Lomé - Input for Commission 7: “ROLE AND PLACE OF WOMEN IN THE PAN-AFRICAN MOVEMENT”

As an invited keynote speaker at the 9th Pan African Congress of Lomé, serving as the Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert, I have prepared this form to collect inputs and recommendations from the Pan African and especially Afrodescendant community. The collected inputs and recommendations will be submitted to the Congress Organizing Committee. The deadline for submitting your input to is December, 5th at 11:59 PM GMT. See NEW! Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo December 8-12: Make Your Recommendations for the Working Commissions for more information.

9th Pan African Congress of Lomé - Input for Commission 6: “FIGHT OF AFRICAN AND AFRO-DESCENDANTS PEOPLES AGAINST RACISM IN THE CONTEXT OF DURBAN DECLARATION OF 2001 AND PROGRAMME OF ACTION”

As an invited keynote speaker at the 9th Pan African Congress of Lomé, serving as the Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert, I have prepared this form to collect inputs and recommendations from the Pan African and especially Afrodescendant community. The collected inputs and recommendations will be submitted to the Congress Organizing Committee. The deadline for submitting your input to is December, 5th at 11:59 PM GMT. See NEW! Afrodescendant Theocratic Special Envoy Extraordinary and Reparations Expert at the 9th Pan African Congress in Lomé, Togo December 8-12: Make Your Recommendations for the Working Commissions for more information.